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1. SAUSSUREA Group
风毛菊群 feng mao ju qun
Authors: Zhu Shi & Eckhard von Raab-Straube
Cauliferous herbs, stemless rosette herbs, or subshrubs, biennial, perennial, or rarely annual. Leaves without spines; leaf blade undivided to pinnatisect, margin entire or with blunt to mucronate non-pungent teeth. Capitula homogamous, bisexual. Phyllaries in several rows, without spines, apically sometimes with a green or purplish membranous or herbaceous appendage or mucronate. Receptacle densely covered with long subulate bristles, short scales, apiculate papillae, or naked and alveolate. Florets bisexual, all fertile. Corolla ± actinomorphic. Filaments distinct, glabrous. Style branches usually distinct and divergent, rarely partly coherent. Achene usually glabrous, sometimes glandular, rarely pubescent or papillose, apical rim inconspicuous or forming a ± developed crenulate or denticulate crown. Pappus homomorphic or heteromorphic, in 1 to several distinct or connate rows of scabrid to plumose bristles or rarely of small scales; inner pappus long, usually overtopping involucre.
About 15 genera and ca. 700 species: NW Africa, Asia, Europe, North America; nine genera (two endemic, one introduced) and 323 species (205 endemic, one introduced) in China.
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| 1 |
Plants annual; outer pappus an incomplete row of small scales and inner pappus a ring of plumose bristles. |
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21 Hemisteptia |
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Plants perennial or biennial; pappus of only bristles |
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(2) |
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| 2 (1) |
Pappus bristles in several rows, of different length, usually scabrid or barbellate, rarely plumose; receptacle with short scales or naked and alveolate, rarely with bristles |
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(3) |
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Pappus bristles in 1 or 2 rows, with bristles of inner row of same length and always plumose; receptacle usually with ± long, subulate bristles, sometimes naked and alveolate, or with short apiculate papillae |
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(5) |
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| 3 (2) |
Pappus bristles silvery, dirty white, or white, inserted on a conic cupule, 0.5-1.5 cm; receptacle with short scales or bristles. |
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14 Jurinea |
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Pappus bristles dirty white, yellowish, brown, or reddish, not inserted on a conic cupule, 1.5-4 cm; receptacle either alveolate or with long bristles |
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(4) |
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| 4 (3) |
Capitula several and clustered or solitary in center of leaf rosette; phyllaries not densely lanate; receptacle alveolate, naked or with very short apiculate papillae, without bristles. |
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17 Dolomiaea |
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Capitulum solitary on a subscapose stem; phyllaries densely lanate; receptacle with long bristles. |
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18 Bolocephalus |
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| 5 (2) |
Pappus in 2 rows; achene smooth, ribbed, or sometimes wrinkled, apical rim inconspicuous or rarely with a short crown |
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(6) |
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Pappus in 1 row; achene wrinkled or muricate, apical rim always forming a distinct crown |
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(7) |
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| 6 (5) |
Outer pappus a row of scabrid or rarely plumose caducous bristles (rarely lacking), inner pappus a ring of plumose bristles. |
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22 Saussurea |
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Outer and inner pappus bristles both plumose and connate with each other into a ring. |
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15 Diplazoptilon |
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| 7 (5) |
Corolla limb with sessile glands; achene blackish, 2-5 mm, with a dentate crown. |
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16 Himalaiella |
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Corolla limb glabrous; achene straw-colored or brown with black spots, 5-8 mm, with a crenulate crown |
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(8) |
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| 8 (7) |
Capitulum solitary, long pedunculate; petiole of basal leaves unwinged. |
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19 Frolovia |
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Capitula 2-7 and clustered, sessile or subsessile; petiole of basal leaves with a broad lobed wing. |
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20 Aucklandia |
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